阿帕奇配置文件详解

#
# This is the main Apache HTTP server configuration file.  It contains the
# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.
# See <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/> for detailed information.
# In particular, see
# <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/directives.html>
# for a discussion of each configuration directive.
#
# 这是Apache server的主配置文件. 它包含配置指令，来指示服务器。
# 参考 http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/directives.html 了解关于指令的详细信息。
# 另外，参看 http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/directives.html 获取每个配置指令的讨论。

# Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding
# what they do.  They're here only as hints or reminders.  If you are unsure
# consult the online docs. You have been warned. 
#
# 不要仅仅是阅读本指令，而应该理解指令做了什么。在这里仅起提示的作用。
# 如果你不清楚请参阅在线文档。特别提示。

# The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections:
# 配置文件批令分为三个基本组：
#
# 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a
#   whole (the 'global environment').
# 1.控制Apache server的全局操作的指令(全局环境变量)。
#
# 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,
#    which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host.
#    These directives also provide default values for the settings
#    of all virtual hosts.
# 2. 配置主服务或者默认服务的指令，它针对那些被虚拟主机以外的请求作出响应。
#    它也包含虚拟主机的一些默认参数。
#
# 3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to
#    different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the
#    same Apache server process.
# 3. 虚拟主机设置，这使得发往不同的ip或者主机名的请求可以被子同一个Apache服务器处理。

# Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many
# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the
# server will use that explicit path.  If the filenames do *not* begin
# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"
# with ServerRoot set to "E:/usr/Apache2.2" will be interpreted by the
# server as "E:/usr/Apache2.2/logs/foo.log".
#
# 配置和日志文件名：如果你所指定的文件名以“/”（在Win32中以“盘符：/”）开头，
# 服务器将以绝对路径来处理。如果文件名不以“/”开头，则以相对路径处理，
# 相对于服务器根（Serverroot）。因此“logs/foo.log”，如果服务器根目录
# 为“E:/usr/Apache2.2”，则服务器解释为“E:/usr/Apache2.2/logs/foo.log”。

#
# NOTE: Where filenames are specified, you must use forward slashes
# instead of backslashes (e.g., "c:/apache" instead of "c:\apache").
# 注意：在文件名的定义中，必须用正斜杠，而不是反斜杠。（比如，“c:/apache”，而不是“c:\apache”）
#
# If a drive letter is omitted, the drive on which Apache.exe is located
# will be used by default.  It is recommended that you always supply
# an explicit drive letter in absolute paths, however, to avoid
# confusion.
# 如果省略了盘符，则以Apache.exe所在的盘符为默认值。建议在绝对路径中明确
# 指定盘符，以避免混乱。

# ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in the server process
# MaxRequestsPerChild： maximum  number of requests a server process serves
# ThreadsPerChild:每个服务进程中的工作线程常数
# MaxRequestsPerChild：服务进程中允许的最大请求数目
ThreadsPerChild 250
MaxRequestsPerChild  0

#
# ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's
# configuration, error, and log files are kept.
# 指出服务器保存其配置、出错和日志文件等的根目录
#
# Do not add a slash at the end of the directory path.  If you point
# ServerRoot at a non-local disk, be sure to point the LockFile directive
# at a local disk.  If you wish to share the same ServerRoot for multiple
# httpd daemons, you will need to change at least LockFile and PidFile.
#
# 不要在目录的末尾加上斜杠。如果你想将ServerRoot指向非本地硬盘上,请添加卷到本地硬盘上。
# 如果你想共享 ServerRoot 给多个HTTPD镜像服务，你必须改变LockFile和PidFile。
#
ServerRoot "E:/usr/Apache2.2"

#
# Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or
# ports, instead of the default. See also the <VirtualHost>
# directive.
# Listen：允许你绑定Apache服务到指定的IP地址和端口上，以取代默认值。请同时参考<VirtualHost>
# 指令。
#
# Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to
# prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses (0.0.0.0)
# 像下面那样使Apache只在指定的IP地址上监听，以防止它在IP地址0.0.0.0上监听。
#
#Listen 12.34.56.78:80
Listen 8080

#
# Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support
# 动态共享对象（DSO）支持
#
# To be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you
# have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the
# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.
# Statically compiled modules (those listed by `httpd -l') do not need
# to be loaded here.
# 为了能够使用那些以DSO模式编译的模块中的函数，你必须放置相应的“LoadModule”行在这里，以便
# 包含在其后的指令在使用之前激活。
# 那些静态编译的模块(即以“httpd -l”列出的模块)则不需要在这里加载。
#
# Example:
# LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so
#
LoadModule actions_module modules/mod_actions.so
LoadModule alias_module modules/mod_alias.so
LoadModule asis_module modules/mod_asis.so
LoadModule auth_basic_module modules/mod_auth_basic.so
#LoadModule auth_digest_module modules/mod_auth_digest.so
#LoadModule authn_anon_module modules/mod_authn_anon.so
#LoadModule authn_dbm_module modules/mod_authn_dbm.so
LoadModule authn_default_module modules/mod_authn_default.so
LoadModule authn_file_module modules/mod_authn_file.so
#LoadModule authz_dbm_module modules/mod_authz_dbm.so
LoadModule authz_default_module modules/mod_authz_default.so
LoadModule authz_groupfile_module modules/mod_authz_groupfile.so
LoadModule authz_host_module modules/mod_authz_host.so
LoadModule authz_user_module modules/mod_authz_user.so
LoadModule autoindex_module modules/mod_autoindex.so
#LoadModule cern_meta_module modules/mod_cern_meta.so
LoadModule cgi_module modules/mod_cgi.so
#LoadModule dav_module modules/mod_dav.so
#LoadModule dav_fs_module modules/mod_dav_fs.so
#LoadModule deflate_module modules/mod_deflate.so
LoadModule dir_module modules/mod_dir.so
LoadModule env_module modules/mod_env.so
#LoadModule expires_module modules/mod_expires.so
#LoadModule file_cache_module modules/mod_file_cache.so
#LoadModule headers_module modules/mod_headers.so
LoadModule imagemap_module modules/mod_imagemap.so
LoadModule include_module modules/mod_include.so
#LoadModule info_module modules/mod_info.so
LoadModule isapi_module modules/mod_isapi.so
LoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.so
LoadModule mime_module modules/mod_mime.so
#LoadModule mime_magic_module modules/mod_mime_magic.so
#LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
#LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
#LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so
#LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
#LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
#LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so
LoadModule negotiation_module modules/mod_negotiation.so
#LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so
LoadModule setenvif_module modules/mod_setenvif.so
#LoadModule speling_module modules/mod_speling.so
#LoadModule status_module modules/mod_status.so
#LoadModule unique_id_module modules/mod_unique_id.so
LoadModule userdir_module modules/mod_userdir.so
#LoadModule usertrack_module modules/mod_usertrack.so
#LoadModule vhost_alias_module modules/mod_vhost_alias.so
#LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so
LoadModule php5_module "E:/usr/php/php5apache2_2.dll"

# 配置 php.ini 的路径
PHPIniDir "E:/usr/php"

# 'Main' server configuration
# 主服务配置
#
# The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'
# server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a
# <VirtualHost> definition.  These values also provide defaults for
# any <VirtualHost> containers you may define later in the file.
#
# 本节中指令的设置值，将被主服务所使用，主服务响应那些没有被<VirtualHost>所处理的请求，
# 这些值也为<VirtualHost>容器提供了默认值，你可以在后面的文件中定义
#
# All of these directives may appear inside <VirtualHost> containers,
# in which case these default settings will be overridden for the
# virtual host being defined.
#
# 所有这些指令将出现在<VirtualHost>容器中，这些设定值将在定义virtual host时被覆写。

#
# ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be
# e-mailed.  This address appears on some server-generated pages, such
# as error documents.  e.g. admin@your-domain.com
# ServerAdmin: 你的地址，当系统故障时，可以给你发email。
# 此地址出现在那些由服务器生成的页面上，如出错文档。例如：admin@your-domain.com
#
ServerAdmin indian@163.com

#
# ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.
# This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify
# it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.
# ServerNaem 定义了server名称和端口号，用以标明自己的身份。
# 通常可以自动定义，建议明确地指定它，避免起动时出错
# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.
# 如果你没有注册DNS名字，请在这里输入IP地址。
ServerName www.kysf.net:8080

#
# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your
# documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but
# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.
# DocumentRoot: 你的文档的根目录。默认情况下，所有的请求都从这里开始，
# 但是可以使用符号链接和别名来指向到其他的位置。
#
DocumentRoot "E:/usr/Apache2.2/htdocs"

#
# Each directory to which Apache has access can be configured with respect
# to which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in that
# directory (and its subdirectories).
# 每个可供Apache访问的目录，可以配置成允许和（或）禁止哪些服务和特性（包括其子目录）
#
# First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set of
# features. 
# 首先，我们定义一个默认的非常严格的配置
#
<Directory />
    Options FollowSymLinks
    AllowOverride None
    Order deny,allow
    Deny from all
    Satisfy all
</Directory>

#
# Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow
# particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as
# you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it
# below.
# 注意从这里开始你一定要明确地允许哪些特别的特性能够被使用。
# 所以，如果Apache没有象你所期待的那样工作的话, 请检查你是否在下面明确的指定它可用。

#
# This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.
# 这将改变你对DocumentRoot的设置
#
<Directory "E:/usr/Apache2.2/htdocs">

    #
    # Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",
    # or any combination of:
    #   Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews
    #
    #Options：这个指令的值可以是“None”，“All”，或者下列选项的任意组合：
    #   Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews

    #
    # Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"
    # doesn't give it to you.
    #
    # 注意，“MultiViews”必须被显式的指定，“Options All”不能为你提供这个特性。
    #
    # The Options directive is both complicated and important.  Please see
    # http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/core.html#options
    # for more information.
    #
    # options 指令既复杂又重要，请参见 http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/core.html#options
    # 获取更多信息。
    #
    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks

    #
    # AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
    # It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:
    #   Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
    #
    # AllowOverride 控制那些被放置在.htaccess文件中的指令。
    # 它可以是“All”，“None”，或者下列指令的组合：
    #   Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
    #
    AllowOverride None

    #
    # Controls who can get stuff from this server.
    #
    # 控制哪些模块可以获得服务。
    #
    Order allow,deny
    Allow from all

</Directory>

#
# DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory
# is requested.
#
# DirectoryIndex: 当请求是一个目录时，Apache向用户提供服务的文件名。（即默认文档名。-译者注。）
#
<IfModule dir_module>
    DirectoryIndex index.html
</IfModule>

#
# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being
# viewed by Web clients.
# #下面的设置是防止.htaccess和.htpasswd（访问设定和密码）文件被Web客户查看。
#
<FilesMatch "^\.ht">
    Order allow,deny
    Deny from all
</FilesMatch>

#
# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.
# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost>
# container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be
# logged here.  If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost>
# container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.
#
# ErrorLog: 错误日志文件位置。
# 如果你没有在<VirtualHost>内定义ErrorLog指令，这个虚拟主机的错误信息
# 将记录在这里。如果你在<VirtualHost>定义了ErrorLog，这些错误信息将记录在你所
# 定义的文件里，而不是这里定义的文件。
#
ErrorLog logs/error.log

#
# LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log.
# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
# alert, emerg.
#
# LogLevel: 控制记录在错误日志文件中的日志信息数量。
# 可能的值包括: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, alert, emerg.
#
LogLevel warn

<IfModule log_config_module>
    #
    # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with
    # a CustomLog directive (see below).
    #
    # 下面的参数设置是为CustomLog指令定义格式别名(看下面)。
    #
    #
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common

    <IfModule logio_module>
      # You need to enable mod_logio.c to use %I and %O
      #
      # 你需要安装了mod_logio.c模块才能使用%I和%O
      #
      LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio
    </IfModule>

    #
    # The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format).
    # If you do not define any access logfiles within a <VirtualHost>
    # container, they will be logged here.  Contrariwise, if you *do*
    # define per-<VirtualHost> access logfiles, transactions will be
    # logged therein and *not* in this file.
    #
    # 指定访问日志文件的位置和格式（一般日志格式）。
    # 如果你没有在<VirtualHost>内定义这个指令，处理信息将记录在这里，
    # 如果你定义了这个指令，则处理信息记录在你指定的位置，而不是这儿定义的位置。
    #
    CustomLog logs/access.log common

    #
    # If you prefer a logfile with access, agent, and referer information
    # (Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive.
    #
    # 如果你想要使用一个文件记录access，agent和referer信息（组合日志格式），
    # 你可以如下定义这个指令：
    #
    #CustomLog logs/access.log combined
</IfModule>

<IfModule alias_module>
    #
    # Redirect: Allows you to tell clients about documents that used to
    # exist in your server's namespace, but do not anymore. The client
    # will make a new request for the document at its new location.
    #
    # Redirect：允许你用一个已存在的域名描述文档，但不能用所有的域名（描述）。
    # 客户端将用这个新名称发出一个新的请求。
    #
    # Example:
    # Redirect permanent /foo http://www.kysf.net/bar

    #
    # Alias: Maps web paths into filesystem paths and is used to
    # access content that does not live under the DocumentRoot.
    #
    #Alias: 映射web路径到文件系统路径，通常用于访问不在DocumentRoot里面的内容
    #
    # Example:
    # Alias /webpath /full/filesystem/path
    #
    # If you include a trailing / on /webpath then the server will
    # require it to be present in the URL.  You will also likely
    # need to provide a <Directory> section to allow access to
    # the filesystem path.
    #
    # 如果web路径中有后缀“/”，则服务器要求有后缀“/”来描述URL。你也可以用 <Directory> 片段
    # 允许访问文件系统路径。
   
   
    #
    # ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts.
    # ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that
    # documents in the target directory are treated as applications and
    # run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the
    # client.  The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias
    # directives as to Alias.
    #
    # ScriptAlias: 指定包含服务脚本的目录。
    # ScriptAliases本质上与Aliases一样，除了这里的文档在请求时做为程序处理和运行，
    # 而不是作为文档发送到客户端。尾部的“/”规则与Alias一样。
    #
    ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "E:/usr/Apache2.2/cgi-bin/"

</IfModule>

#
# "E:/usr/Apache2.2/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased
# CGI directory exists, if you have that configured.
#
# 更改 "E:/usr/Apache2.2/cgi-bin" 为你的 ScriptAlias（脚本别名）。
#
<Directory "E:/usr/Apache2.2/cgi-bin">
    AllowOverride None
    Options None
    Order allow,deny
    Allow from all
</Directory>

#
# Apache parses all CGI scripts for the shebang line by default.
# This comment line, the first line of the script, consists of the symbols
# pound (#) and exclamation (!) followed by the path of the program that
# can execute this specific script.  For a perl script, with perl.exe in
# the C:\Program Files\Perl directory, the shebang line should be:
#
# 默认的，Apache 将整个行解释为 CGI 脚本。
# 注释行、脚本第一行、带#!的程序路径，都能执行这个指定的脚本。比如一个 perl 脚本，
# 在 C:\Program Files\Perl 中有 perl.exe 解释程序，整个行写为：
#
   #!c:/program files/perl/perl

# Note you _must_not_ indent the actual shebang line, and it must be the
# first line of the file.  Of course, CGI processing must be enabled by
# the appropriate ScriptAlias or Options ExecCGI directives for the files
# or directory in question.
#
# However, Apache on Windows allows either the Unix behavior above, or can
# use the Registry to match files by extention.  The command to execute
# a file of this type is retrieved from the registry by the same method as
# the Windows Explorer would use to handle double-clicking on a file.
# These script actions can be configured from the Windows Explorer View menu,
# 'Folder Options', and reviewing the 'File Types' tab.  Clicking the Edit
# button allows you to modify the Actions, of which Apache 1.3 attempts to
# perform the 'Open' Action, and failing that it will try the shebang line.
# This behavior is subject to change in Apache release 2.0.
#
# Each mechanism has it's own specific security weaknesses, from the means
# to run a program you didn't intend the website owner to invoke, and the
# best method is a matter of great debate.
#
# To enable the this Windows specific behavior (and therefore -disable- the
# equivilant Unix behavior), uncomment the following directive:
#
#ScriptInterpreterSource registry
#
# The directive above can be placed in individual <Directory> blocks or the
# .htaccess file, with either the 'registry' (Windows behavior) or 'script'
# (Unix behavior) option, and will override this server default option.
#

#
# DefaultType: the default MIME type the server will use for a document
# if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions.
# If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is
# a good value.  If most of your content is binary, such as applications
# or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead to
# keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are
# text.
#
DefaultType text/plain

<IfModule mime_module>
    #
    # TypesConfig points to the file containing the list of mappings from
    # filename extension to MIME-type.
    #
    TypesConfig conf/mime.types

    #
    # AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration
    # file specified in TypesConfig for specific file types.
    #
    #AddType application/x-gzip .tgz
    #
    # AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers uncompress
    # information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this.
    #
    #AddEncoding x-compress .Z
    #AddEncoding x-gzip .gz .tgz
    #
    # If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you
    # probably should define those extensions to indicate media types:
    #
    AddType application/x-compress .Z
    AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz

    #
    # AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers":
    # actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server
    # or added with the Action directive (see below)
    #
    # To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories:
    # (You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.)
    #
    #AddHandler cgi-script .cgi

    # For type maps (negotiated resources):
    #AddHandler type-map var

    #
    # Filters allow you to process content before it is sent to the client.
    #
    # To parse .shtml files for server-side includes (SSI):
    # (You will also need to add "Includes" to the "Options" directive.)
    #
    #AddType text/html .shtml
    #AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml
   
    #添加 .PHP 文件扩展
    AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
</IfModule>

#
# The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the
# contents of the file itself to determine its type.  The MIMEMagicFile
# directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located.
#
#MIMEMagicFile conf/magic

#
# Customizable error responses come in three flavors:
# 1) plain text 2) local redirects 3) external redirects
#
# Some examples:
#ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo."
#ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html
#ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl"
#ErrorDocument 402 http://www.kysf.net/subscription_info.html
#

#
# EnableMMAP and EnableSendfile: On systems that support it,
# memory-mapping or the sendfile syscall is used to deliver
# files.  This usually improves server performance, but must
# be turned off when serving from networked-mounted
# filesystems or if support for these functions is otherwise
# broken on your system.
#
#EnableMMAP off
#EnableSendfile off

# Supplemental configuration
#
# The configuration files in the conf/extra/ directory can be
# included to add extra features or to modify the default configuration of
# the server, or you may simply copy their contents here and change as
# necessary.

# Server-pool management (MPM specific)
#Include conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf

# Multi-language error messages
#Include conf/extra/httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf

# Fancy directory listings
#Include conf/extra/httpd-autoindex.conf

# Language settings
#Include conf/extra/httpd-languages.conf

# User home directories
#Include conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf

# Real-time info on requests and configuration
#Include conf/extra/httpd-info.conf

# Virtual hosts
#Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

# Local access to the Apache HTTP Server Manual
#Include conf/extra/httpd-manual.conf

# Distributed authoring and versioning (WebDAV)
#Include conf/extra/httpd-dav.conf

# Various default settings
#Include conf/extra/httpd-default.conf

# Secure (SSL/TLS) connections
#Include conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf
#
# Note: The following must must be present to support
#       starting without SSL on platforms with no /dev/random equivalent
#       but a statically compiled-in mod_ssl.
#
<IfModule ssl_module>
SSLRandomSeed startup builtin
SSLRandomSeed connect builtin
</IfModule>